National Movement-II: Gandhi phase:1918-1939: Modern History UPSC PYQ 2011-2020
2011
| What was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to organize a satyagraha on behalf of the peasants of Kheda?
1. The Administration did not suspend the land revenue collection despite a drought. 2. The Administration proposed to introduce Permanent Settlement in Gujarat. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 |
a |
2012
| The Rowlatt Act aimed at
(a) compulsory economic support to war efforts. (b) imprisonment without trial and summary procedures for trial. (c) suppression of the Khilafat Movement. (d) imposition of restrictions on freedom of the press. |
b |
2014
| The Ghadr (Ghadar) was a
(a) revolutionary association of Indians with headquarters at San Francisco. (b) a nationalist organization operating from Singapore. (c) a militant organization with headquarters at Berlin (d) Communist movement for India”s freedom with headquarters at Tashkent. |
a |
2011
| Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest convictions were reflected in a book titled, “Unto this Last” and the book transformed his life. What was the message from the book that transformed Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) Uplifting the oppressed and poor is the moral responsibility of an educated man (b) The good of an individual is contained in the good of all (c) The life of celibacy and spiritual pursuit is essential for a noble life (d) All the statements a, b, and c are correct in this context |
b |
2012
| The Congress ministries resigned in the seven provinces in 1939, because
(a) The Congress could not form ministries in the other four provinces. (b) Emergence of a ‘left wing’ in the Congress made the working of the ministries impossible. (c) There were widespread communal disturbances in their provinces. (d) None of the statements (a ), (b ), and (c ) given above is correct. |
d |
2013
| The people of India agitated against the arrival of the Simon Commission in 1927 because
(a) Indians never wanted the review of the working of the Act of 1919. (b) Simon Commission recommended the abolition of the Dyarchy (Diarchy) in the Provinces. (c) There was no Indian member in the Simon Commission. (d) The Simon Commission suggested the partition of the country. |
c |
2011
With reference to the period of the Indian freedom struggle, which of the following was/were recommended by the Nehru report? 1928
Select the correct answer using the codes given below: (a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 |
b |
2012
| The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress (1929) is very important in history, because:
1. Congress passed a resolution demanding complete independence. 2. The rift between the extremists and moderates was resolved in that Session. 3. A resolution was passed rejecting the two-nation theory in that Session. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a)1 only (b) 2 and 3 (c) 1 and 3 (d) None of the above |
a |
2014
| The 1929 Session of the Indian National Congress is of significance in the history of the Freedm Movement because the
(a) attainment of Self-Government was declared as the objective of the Congress. (b) Attainment of Poorna Swaraj was adopted as the goal of the Congress. (c) Non-Cooperation Movement was launched. (d) Decision to participate in the Round Table Conference in London was taken. |
b |
2017
The Trade Disputes Act of 1929 provided for
(a)the participation of workers in the management of industries.
(b)arbitrary powers to the management to quell industrial disputes.
(c)an intervention by the British Court in the event of a trade dispute.
(d)a system of tribunals and a ban on strikes.
ANS:D
2015
Who of the following organized a march on the Tanjore coast to break the Salt Law in April 1930?
a) V.O Chidambaram Pillai
b) C. Rajagopalachari
c) K. Kamaraj
d) Annie Besant
Solution: b)
2012
| Mahatma Gandhi undertook fast unto death in 1932, mainly because
(a) Round Table Conference failed to satisfy Indian political aspirations. (b) Congress and Muslim League had differences of opinion. (c) Ramsay Macdonald announced the Communal Award. (d) None of the statements a, b, and c given above is correct in this context. |
c |
- 2020
- Q47. The Gandhi-Irwin pact included which of the following?
- Invitation to Congress to participate in the round table conference
- Withdrawal of ordinances promulgated in connection with the Civil Disobedience Movement
- Acceptance of Gandhiji’s suggestion for inquiry into police excesses
- Release of those prisoners who were not charged with violence
- Select the correct answer using the code given below
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1,2 and 4 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 2, 3, and 4 only
- Answer: B
2020
One common agreement between Gandhism and Marxism is
[a) The final goal of a stateless society
- [b) Class struggle
- [c) Abolition of private property
- [d) Economic determinism
- Explanation:
- Stateless Society: A society that lacks formal institutions of government. (NCERT Sociology Class11)
- Gandhiji is a philosophical anarchist. Anarchist is one who is opposed to every type of state; Gandhian Ramrajya is that it is a self-regulating system where everyone is one’s, own ruler. (NIOS Political science page 40)
- Marxism revolves around the following theoretical propositions….a classless society and a stateless society. (NIOS PolSci Ch4)
- Karl Marx had predicted that the proletariats will take control of the state and production, destroy all class differences and class antagonisms, and finally resulting in the ‘withering Away of the State’. Thus, the result will be a stateless society. (Tamilnadu State Board class 11 Political Science Book)
- From these statements, we can inform that both Gandhi & Marx aimed for a Stateless society.
2012
During the Indian freedom struggle, the National Social Conference was formed. What was the reason for its formation?(a) Different social reform groups or organizations of the Bengal region united to form a single body to discuss the issues of larger interest and to prepare appropriate petitions/representations to the government. (b) Indian National Congress did not want to include social reforms in its deliberations and decided to form a separate body for such a purpose. (c) Behramji Malabari and M.G. Ranade decided to bring together all the social reform groups of the country under one organization. (d) None of the statements (a ), (b ), and (c ) given above is correct in this context. |
b |
2015
-
With reference to Congress Socialist Party,
consider the following statements:
1. It advocated the boycott of British goods and the evasion of taxes.
2. It wanted to establish the dictatorship of the proletariat.
3. It advocated a separate electorate for minorities and oppressed classes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 1, 2 and 3
d) None
Solution: d) -
THE CSP ADVOCATED DECENTRALIZED SOCIALISM IN WHICH CO-OPERATIVES, TRADE UNIONS, INDEPENDENT FARMERS, AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES WOULD HOLD A SUBSTANTIAL SHARE OF THE ECONOMIC POWER. AS SECULARISTS, THEY HOPED TO TRANSCEND COMMUNAL DIVISIONS THROUGH CLASS SOLIDARITY. SOME, SUCH AS NARENDRA DEVA OR BASAWON SINGH (SINHA), ADVOCATED A DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM DISTINCT FROM BOTH MARXISM AND REFORMIST SOCIAL DEMOCRACY.
SOURCE: HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/CONGRESS_SOCIALIST_PARTY
2016
- The Montague-Chelmsford Proposals 1919 were related to
(a) social reforms
(b) educational reforms
(c) reforms in police administration
(d) constitutional reforms
Solution: D
Justification: They introduced by the British Government in India to introduce self-governing institutions gradually to India. They formed the basis of the Government of India Act 1919.
2017
In the context of Indian history, the principle of ‘Dyarchy (diarchy)1919’ refers to
(a)Division of the central legislature into two houses.
(b)Introductions of double government i.e., Central and Statement governments.
(c)Having two sets of rulers; one in London and another in Delhi.
(d)Division of the subjects delegated to the provinces into two categories
- ANS:D
- The Government of India Act of 1919 was enacted to satisfy the people of India to some extent.
- The salient features of the Act were as follows :
- (a) Preamble: The Act provided for a Preamble that laid down the basic principles and policies upon which it was based.
- According to it the policy of the British Parliament was – (i) to provide for the increasing association of Indians in every branch of Indian administration,
- (ii) to develop self-governing institutions with a view to the progressive realization of responsible government in British India as an integral part of the empire;
- (iii) accordingly, the Preamble suggested a decentralized unitary form of government.
- The Act divided the functions of government into two categories: central and provincial.
- The provincial subjects were further subdivided into transferred and reserved.
- Thus, in the provinces, a new form of government, dyarchy, was introduced.
- Dyarchy means the dual set of governments, e.g. accountable and non-accountable.
- In the transferred subjects the Governors were to be assisted by the ministers responsible to the legislature while in the reserved subjects the Governors were to be advised by the councilors who were not accountable to the legislature.
2018
In 1920, which of the following changed its name to “Swarajya Sabha”?
(a)All India Home Rule League
(b)Hindu Mahasabha
(c)South Indian Liberal Federation
(d)The Servants of India Society
ANS: A